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+erefore, health education, targeted screening of pregnant women for TB, and collaboration of TBHIV clinic with antenatal care clinic should be implemented in the area. Further research should also be conducted for better understanding of the magnitude of tuberculosis in females of reproductive age. [1]
-ideal, Fuzzy ideal, Fuzzy lter, -fuzzy ideal. [1]
1.7% among cows’ feces, dairy farm sewage, pooled raw milk, milk container swabs, milkers’ stool, and milkers’ hand swab samples, respectively. Six serovars were detected with the dominancy of S. Uganda (39.3%), followed by S. enterica subsp. diarizonae (25.0%) and S. Typhimurium (21.4%). Among the 28 NTS isolates, 100% and 21.4% had the virulence genes invA and spvC, respectively. The susceptibility profile showed that 89.3% of the NTS isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent and 46.4% were resistant to [1]
: Amhara region, Ethiopia, FMD, Outbreak, Spatial, Temporal [1]
A cross-sectional calf mortality study was conducted in urban and periurban dairy farms in Addis Ababa, special zones of Oromia and Amhara regions in July and August 2015.+eobjectives of the study were to estimate the annual mortality and to assess the major causes of calf mortality in the dairy farms. One-year retrospective data on calf mortality were collected from 330 farms by face-to-face interview using the pretested and structured questionnaire format and direct observation of farm practices. A logistic regression analysis was performed in order to identify the predictor variables associated with early calf mortality. Data were analysed using Statistical Package, Stata SE for Windows, version 12.0. +eannual mean calf mortality from birth-to-weaning was reported as 18.5% (95% CI: 12.6, 24.3%). +e prenatal loss due to fetal death and stillbirth was 10.1% (95% CI: 6.7, 13.6%). +e overall annual loss due to fetal death and calf preweaning mortality was 26.7% (95% CI: 21.2, 32.2%). Age-specific mortality declined with increased age, and the highest mortality was recorded during the first month of life extending up to the third month of age. Disease was the most important causes of calf mortality (73.2%). Among the diseases, diarrhea (63%) and respiratory disorders (17%) were the important causes of calf mortality. Malpractices in calf management were identified, including restricted colostrum and milk feeding, poor care and supplemental feeding, and poor health management. Interventions in dairy cattle health and farm husbandry are recommended to control calf mortality [1]
A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2022 to August 2023 by analyzing 362 samples consisting of raw pooled milk (58), milk container swabs (58), milker’s hand swabs (58), farm sewage (57), milker’s stool (47), and cow’s feces (84). The samples were analyzed using standard bacteriological methods. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and ESBL production ability of the LFE isolates were screened using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, and candidate isolates passing the screening criteria were phenotypically confirmed by using cefotaxime (30 μg) and cefotaxime /clavulanic acid (30 μg/10 μg) combineddisk diffusion test. The isolates were further characterized genotypically using multiplex polymerase chain reaction targeting the three ESBL-encoding- genes namely blaTEM, blaSHV, and [1]
a.k.a infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), under the genus Iltovirus, and the family Herpesviridae, is the agent responsible for the disease. Despite the clinical signs on the eld suggestive of ILT, it has long been considered nonexistent and a disease of no concern in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021 in three selected zones of the Amhara region (Central Gondar, South Gondar, and West Gojjam zones), Ethiopia, with the objective of estimating the seroprevalence of ILTV in chickens and identifying and quantifying associated risk factors. A total of 768 serum samples were collected using multistage cluster sampling and assayed for anti-ILTV antibodies using indirect ELISA. A questionnaire survey was used to identify the potential risk factors. Of the 768 samples, 454 (59.1%, 95% CI: 0.56–0.63) tested positive for anti-ILTV antibodies. Mixed-e£ect logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors showed that local breeds of chicken were less likely to be seropositive than exotic breeds (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.24–0.61). In addition, factors such as using local feed source (OR: 6.53, 95% CI: 1.77–24.04), rearing chickens extensively (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 0.78–5.02), mixing of di£erent batches of chicken (OR: 14.51, 95% CI: 3.35–62.77), careless disposal of litter (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 0.49–4.37), lack of house disinfection (OR: 11.05, 95% CI: 4.09–47.95), lack of farm protective footwear and clothing (OR: 20.85, 95% CI: 5.40–80.45), and careless disposal of dead chicken bodies had all been associated with increased seropositivity to ILTV. erefore, implementation of biosecurity measures is highly recommended to control and prevent the spread of ILTV. Furthermore, molecular con rmation and characterization of the virus from ILT suggestive cases should be considered to justify the use of ILT vaccines [1]
Abattoir setting Abattoir workers Antimicrobial resistance Salmonella Slaughtered animals Slaughtering environment [1]
Abattoir workers Antimicrobial resistance Salmonella Slaughtered animals Slaughtering environment [2]
Abattoir, Abomasum, Haemonchosis, Haematobiochemical alteration, Lesion characterization, Sheep [1]
Abattoir, Antimicrobial resistance, Bahir Dar, Gondar, Molecular, Salmonella [1]
Abattoir, Cattle, Fasciolosis, Hematobiochemical alteration, Lesion characterization [1]
Abattoir; Abomasum; Biochemical parameter; Haemonchosis; Haematology; Sheep [1]
Acaricides, Cattle, in vitro test, South Gondar, Ticks, West Gojam [1]
Accordingly, the majority (72.4%) of respondents had an inadequate knowledge level of the disease. The proportion of farmers with a favorable attitude and good practices toward the disease was 50.26 and 77.6%, respectively. This study is highly indicative that ovine pasteurellosis is a ubiquitous disease in the study area challenging the sheep production sector. The existence of diverse serotypes reported to lack cross-protective immunity is likely to explain why the current vaccination practice with the monoserotype Pasteurella multocida biotype A vaccine is not providing adequate protection [1]
Adama . c-ELISA . CBPP . Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colonies . Seroprevalence . Quarantine centers [3]
Adoption, Dairy Cattle, Smallholder, Technology [1]
adoption, malt-barley, Tobit, seed, agriculture, technology [1]
African horse sickness, economic impact, Ethiopia, Gondar, Horse, Risk fact ors, seroprevalence [2]
Agriculture, competition; diversification pattern; mixed farming JEL: C12, C38, D13, Q12 [1]

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