Abstract:
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Neural tube defect (NTD) is related to failure of neural tube closure between 3rd
and 4th weeks of embryo development. The cause of NTDs is not clearly stated; however, may
factors like radiation, drugs, malnutrition, chemicals, genetic, maternal age, previous history of
still birth, lack of antenatal care (ANC), consanguinity and any febrile illness during pregnancy
were identified as contributors for development of NTDs. In spite of deficiency of folic acid in
Ethiopia, data on factors of NTD were very limited in Africa in general and Ethiopia in
particular, therefore this study was undertaken to identify associated factors with NTDs and
provides shadow for future studies.
The objective of the present study is to identify patterns of neural tube defect and associated
factors among newborn in four public hospitals in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia.
Methods: Case control study design was conducted among newborns in four public hospitals at
Bale Zone from October 2017 to February 2018. Total sample of 462 were included and
convenient sampling methods were implemented. Semi structured and pretested questioners were
used to collect data.
Result: Maternal factors significantly associated with increased risk for NTDs were maternal
age between 15-24 years, consanguineous marriage and being passive smokers (OR=4.78, 95%
CI, 1.10-20.66), (OR= 5.54, 95% CI, 1.47-20.87) and (OR=11.08, 95%CI, 1.96-62.69),
respectively. Folic acid supplementation has been reported to be a protective factors for NTDs
(OR=0.095, 95%CI, 0.031- 0.285).
Conclusion: In present study, folic acid supplementation was identified as protective factor for
NTDs. While, consanguinity, being passive smokers and women between the ages of 15-24
years, were risk factors significantly associated with NTD
