Serum uric acid and its association with cardiovascular disease risk factors among type two diabetic patients at the University of Gondar Hospital, northwest Ethiopia.

Abstract

Abstract Background: Hyperuricemia is associated with cardiovascular disease and also its high prevalence linked with increases the risk of cardiovascular disease among diabetes mellitus patients. Cardiovascular complication is a major complication that causes death among diabetic patients if they failed to control their blood glucose level. The main aim of this study was to assess serum uric acid and its association with cardiovascular disease risk factors among diabetic patients at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at the University of Gondar hospital from February to March 2018. A total of 384 study participants were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Socio-demographic and anthropometric data was collected by using semi structured questionnaire. Five milliliter blood sample was collected and analyzed for glucose, uric acid, and lipid profiles through Mindray BS-200E. The data was entered into SPSS version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression model was used to investigate frequencies and associated factors. In addition, Pearson抯 correlation was used for the correlation of clinical and biochemical parameters. A p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: The prevalence of hyperuricemia among type 2 diabetic patients was 31.5% (n = 121). The serum uric acid concentration was higher among male (33.1%) compared to female (28.9%). The prevalence was higher among age group> 45 years (31.8%). Increased systolic blood pressure (AOR: 4.4, 95%CI: 2.1-9.3), family history of diabetic抯 mellitus (AOR: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.2-2.5) and body mass index ? 25 Kg/m2 (AOR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-3.7) were significantly associated with hyperuricemia. The major cardiovascular risk factors including high body mass index (52.4%), high waist circumference (63.0%) and high systolic blood pressure (58.2%) are higher for our study participants. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of serum uric acid was high in type 2 diabetes patients. The major predictors of cardiovascular risk factors were significantly associated with hyperuricemia. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment for hyperuricemia and cardiovascular disease risk factors are essential to reduce cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients. Key word: Hyperuricemia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease