Abstract:
Abstract
Introduction: Nowadays, Diabetes Mellitus is one of the main public health concerns
worldwide. Currently used antidiabetic medications have various limitations and
medicinal plants and their products have been promising to minimize these backdrops.
Traditionally, leaves of Ocimum lamiifolium Hochst. Ex Benth has been used for the
treatment of various ailments, including diabetes mellitus in Ethiopia.
Objective: To examine the in vivo antidiabetic and in vitro antioxidant effect of Ocimum
lamiifolium Hochst. ex Benth leaves hydro-methanol crude extract in Streptozotocin
induced diabetic mice model.
Method: Diabetes mellitus was induced via a single intraperitoneal dose of 150mg/kg of
Streptozotocin in male Swiss albino mice.Thirty mice were allocated in to six groups, five
mice per group. The first one group was non-diabetic while the rest five groups were
diabetic groups. Group 1 was normal control treated with distill water; Group 2 was
negative control treated with distill water; Group 6 was positive control treated with
glibenclamide; Groups 3-5 were experimental groups receiving 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg
plant leaves crude extracts. On first, 7th and the 14th days, blood glucose level was
measured from mice` tail. The in vitro antioxidant and alpha amylase inhibitory activity
of the plant leaf crude extract was evaluated in using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
scavenging assay and dinitrosalicylic acid assay respectively. Data analysis was
performed using Statistical Package for Social Science software version 26, one-way
analysis of variance, followed by Tukey抯 post hoc test.
Result: Ocimum lamiifolium leaves hydromethanolic crude extract revealed significant
(p?0.05) antihyperglycaemic effect in all doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) at 7th and 14th
days of treatment compared to the negative control in diabetic mice. Groups treated with
these doses also revealed significant bodywieght gain at the same period. In vitro studies
also showed comparable antioxidant and alpha amylase inhibitory effect with the
corresponding standard drugs, having half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of
143.9礸/mL and 127.53礸/mL respectively.
Conclusions: According to this study, Ocimum lamiifolium leaves possessed significant
antihyperglycemic and wieght improving nature in Streptozotocin induced diabetic mice.
This effect might be through antioxidant activities and alpha amylase inhibition effect.
Key words: Ocimum lamiifolium, Antidiabetic, Antioxidants, Streptozotocin
