A Thesis Report to be Submitted for Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, College of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of Gondar in the Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Degree of Masters of Sciences in Advanced Clinical Anesthesia

Abstract

Abstract Background: Anemia is the most common hematological finding in surgical patients. One-third of surgical patients were anemic at preoperative assessment. The presence of anemia is related with increased morbidity and mortality, length of hospital stay, intensive care unit admissions and post-operative infection in patients undergoing surgery. Objective: To determine prevalence and factors associated with preoperative anemia among adult major elective surgical patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from June to September 2020. Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted from June to September 2020 in University of Gondar Hospital. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical package version 20. Descriptive statistics, cross-tabs and binary logistic regression analysis were performed to identify predictors of preoperative anemia. The strength of the association was presented using AOR with 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: A total of 184 patients were enrolled with 99.5% response rate. We observed preoperative anemia in 36.4% patients. The multi-variable binary logistic analysis showed that ASA II [AOR: 3.42, 95% CI (1.38,8.46)], history of previous surgery [AOR: 3.61, 95% CI (1.38,9.46)], history of malignancy [AOR:8.97,95%CI(2.11,38.14)], orthopedic procedure [AOR: 11.11, 95%CI (3.96, 31.5)] and gynecologic procedure [AOR: 5.11, 95%CI (1.77, 14.70)] were significantly associated with preoperative anemia. Conclusion: In the current study, prevalence of preoperative anemia is 36.4% [95% CI: (28.8%, 42.4%)].ASA 2, previous history of surgery, history of malignancy, orthopedic surgery and gynecologic procedure were significantly associated with preoperative anemia. Recommendation: Early detection and treatment of preoperative anemia is recommended for major surgical patients. Keywords: preoperative anemia, anemia and elective surgery, Anemia among major surgical patient