Abstract:
Abstract
Background: Anemia is the most common hematological finding in surgical patients.
One-third of surgical patients were anemic at preoperative assessment. The presence of
anemia is related with increased morbidity and mortality, length of hospital stay,
intensive care unit admissions and post-operative infection in patients undergoing
surgery.
Objective: To determine prevalence and factors associated with preoperative anemia
among adult major elective surgical patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive
Specialized Hospital from June to September 2020.
Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted from
June to September 2020 in University of Gondar Hospital. Statistical analysis was
performed using SPSS statistical package version 20. Descriptive statistics, cross-tabs
and binary logistic regression analysis were performed to identify predictors of
preoperative anemia. The strength of the association was presented using AOR with
95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Result: A total of 184 patients were enrolled with 99.5% response rate. We observed
preoperative anemia in 36.4% patients.
The multi-variable binary logistic analysis showed that ASA II [AOR: 3.42, 95% CI
(1.38,8.46)], history of previous surgery [AOR: 3.61, 95% CI (1.38,9.46)], history of
malignancy [AOR:8.97,95%CI(2.11,38.14)], orthopedic procedure [AOR: 11.11,
95%CI (3.96, 31.5)] and gynecologic procedure [AOR: 5.11, 95%CI (1.77, 14.70)]
were significantly associated with preoperative anemia.
Conclusion: In the current study, prevalence of preoperative anemia is 36.4% [95% CI:
(28.8%, 42.4%)].ASA 2, previous history of surgery, history of malignancy, orthopedic
surgery and gynecologic procedure were significantly associated with preoperative
anemia.
Recommendation: Early detection and treatment of preoperative anemia is
recommended for major surgical patients.
Keywords: preoperative anemia, anemia and elective surgery, Anemia among major
surgical patient
