Abstract:
Constructed wetland systems are used as innovative and emerging solutions for environmental protection and
restoration as these systems are low-cost and sustainable wastewater treatment systems. Recently, investigations
of novel enhancement technologies on various modified constructed wetlands to improve treatment performance
have been reported in different literatures. Hence, this review aims to provide an overview of the recent advances in
constructed wetland technology considering a wide range of expanded designs, configurations, and combinations
with other technologies for the enhancement of wastewater treatment. It is found that the criteria for constructed
wetland design and operation include site selection, plant selection, substrate selection, wastewater type, plant
material selection, hydraulic loading rate, hydraulic retention time, water depth, operation mood and maintenance
procedures are found to be the focuses of the current research on sustainable design of constructed wetlands.
Keywords: Constructed wetland systems, environmental protection, wastewater treatment, sustainability
