GENE SEGREGATIONS, LINEAR BODY MEASUREMENTS AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DAIRY CATTLE CROSSBREEDING IN NORTHWESTERN ETHIOPIA

Abstract

An investigative research work was delivered to address the objective of characterizing the cross breeding effects on dairy cattle performances in North West Ethiopia (North Gondar, South and west Gojam). In the same time, exploratory field survey and multistage sampling technique was conducted to collect the polygenic traits and improvement effects of cross breeding in the study areas. Blood level like F1 (50E:50L), F2 (25E:75L), F3 (75E:25l) and F4 (12.5E:87.5l) dairy cattle characterization work was conducted from north Gondar, south Gondar and west Gojam zone. The interaction effect of body weight and other liner body measurements for all dairy cows with different blood levels were highly significant (P<0.01). Body weight and body length at F3, F2, F1 and F4 blood levels of the cows were indicated that none, little and significant (P<0.01) reduction were observed on the measurable trait values across the blood levels like body weight least square mean value of 405.86, 405.72, 401.38 and 346.13 (kg) and 184.78, 182.32, 178.68 and 169.59b (cm) for body length, respectively. Whereas, performances of cows were reduced as exotic blood levels were increased. So, this work remarked that F1 generation of an animal had superior in different aspects, while the gene segregation effect was observed at F3 (75E:25l) generation. Similarly, the factorial ANOVA indicated that peak milk yield (12.83lt/day) was measured from parity three and F1 generations. Therefore, gene segregation and down crossing effect could be the causes of economic losses and should be flew the bloods through generations. In addition, characterization of the randomly disseminated genetic resources should be employed to evaluate and know the breeding practices and effect of the merit or demerits of cross breeding in the country.