Magnitude of Hyperglycemia and Associated factors among Anti-retroviral naïve People Living with Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus started on Dolutegravir Based Regimen in South Wollo Zone Hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia: A multicenter ambi-directional Follow up Study, 2023

Abstract

ackground: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients are vulnerable to drug induced toxicity as a result of long term use of antiretroviral therapy. Recently, different studies reported that use of dolutegravir based regimen has been associated with an increased risk for hyperglycemia development. Conducting studies for better understand about the magnitude of dolutegravir induced hyperglycemia in people living with HIV and those on dolutegravir -based regimens was important for monitoring of their glycemic pattern and early interventions to reduce complication related to uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Objective: this study aimed to assess the magnitude of hyperglycemia and associated factors among anti-retroviral naïve people living with human Immuno-deficiency virus started on dolutegravir based anti-retroviral therapy in South Wollo Zone hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based multicenter ambidirectional follow up study was carried out on individuals living with HIV who had initiated a dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy regimen and had follow up from May 2020 to October 2023 in four public hospitals situated in the South Wollo Zone. Data was collected using a structured, pretested, face-to-face interviewer questionnaire from April 2023 to October 2023 and entered into Epi-data version 4.6 then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed. Odds ratio, with its 95% confidence interval, was calculated to determine the strength of association. Statistical significance was established at a p-value less than 0.05. Result: A total of 418 patients were included in the final analysis, one out of ten (10.3%); 95%CI (7.4%, 13.2%) of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) on dolutegravir based antiretroviral therapy regimen develop hyperglycemia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed PLWHIV on dolutegravir based regimen those with age >55 years [(AOR=4.01; 95%CI: (1.52-10.61)], obese with BMI ≥30kg/m2 [(AOR=3.40; 95%CI: (1.06-10.94)] and having hypertension as comorbidity [(AOR=2.74; 95%CI: (1.14-6.56)] were significantly associated with hyperglycemia development. Conclusion: The study showed that dolutegravir based antiretroviral therapy was risk for hyperglycemia development. Then routine blood glucose monitoring is important for human immunodeficiency virus positive patients who were on dolutegravir based antiretroviral therapy.