Abstract:
Abstract
Background: Self-management practice is the gold standard of care in patients with chronic
disease and it is an act of direct active participation of patients in their treatment and disease
condition. Based on recent studies self-management practice among retroviral infection patients
is poor and it is a reason for high retroviral infection transmission, poor quality of life, increased
overall health-related costs, morbidity, and mortality.
Objective: This study aimed to assess self-management practice and its associated factor
among retroviral infection patients attending antiretroviral clinic at University of Gondar
Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Northwest, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 514 retroviral infection patients from
May 20 to July 30, 2022, at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Teaching
Hospital. Data was collected by using interviewer administered structured questionnaire from
patients selected by systematic random sampling technique. Data was entered and analyzed
using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. Descriptive results were presented by
tables and charts. Multicollinearity was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients and the
goodness fit of the model was confirmed by the Hosmer and Lemeshow test (P >0.05). Binary
logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with self-management practice and
reported with a 95% confidence interval. P-value ? 0.05 was considered a statistically
significant
Result: A total of 514 patients were approached and 494 (96.1%) participants agreed to take
part in this study. The mean age of participants was 41.85 ± 12.3 years and the majority of them
were female (319 (64 %)). More than half of the participants had poor self-management 260
(52.6%, 95% CI: 48-57%). Overall self-management practice in this study was poor.
Educational level (AOR=0.171(0.35-0.842), being jobless (AOR=3.02, 95% CI: 1.32, 6.91),
living condition (AOR=0.406 95% CI: 0.195-0.845), managing HIV symptoms (AOR=3.674,
95% CI: 2.117-6.375), goal setting in HIV treatment (AOR= 1.786 95% CI: 1.049-3.040), poor
social support (AOR= 3.282, 95% CI: 1.622-6.639), poor self-efficacy (AOR=2.862, 95% CI:
1.700-4.820), and unsupported by adherence group (AOR=18.379 95% CI: 8.773-38.506)
significantly associated with poor self-management.
Conclusion: Self-management practice in the stud setting is poor. Contextual and process of
self-management affect self-management practice. It is possible to improve self-management
practice by improving social support, self-regulation ability, and self-efficacy and incorporating
self-management interventional programs as usual care of RVI patients.
Keywords: Self-Management practice, Process of Self-Management, Retroviral infection
