Abstract:
Abstract
Introduction: Acute kidney injury is one of the most frequent renal problems, it is one of the
challenges that negatively affect the reduction of neonatal mortality and morbidity secondary to
severe renal injury. However, little is known about the prevalence and associated factors in the
study area.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with acute kidney
injury among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Northwest Amhara Region
Comprehensive and Specialized Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Methods: - An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 03 to
November 02, 2022, among 522 selected neonates at Northwest Amhara Region Comprehensive
and Specialized Hospitals. The participants were selected through a lottery method. The data were
collected by a data-extracted checklist. Data were entered into EP Data 4.6.0 and then exported to
STATA version 14 for coding and analysis. Descriptive findings were presented in figures, text,
and tables. Binary logistic regression was used for analysis. The AOR and 95% CI were used to
measure the presence of association and strength, and the level of statistical significance was
estimated at a p-value <0.05.
Results: A total of 522 neonatal medical charts were reviewed with a response rate of 96.9%. The
prevalence of acute kidney injury was found to be 26.09 % [(95% CI: 22.44,30.1%)], being low
birth weight [(AOR:3.26 95% CI (1.49-7.12)], perinatal asphyxia [AOR:3.73 (95% CI:
2.15,6.45)], sepsis [AOR:3.0 (95% 1.67,5.39)] and a hospital stay of greater than fourteen days
[AOR:3.63 ( 95% CI:2.25, 5.84)]were the factors statistically associated with acute kidney injury.
Conclusions and recommendations: In this study, one-fourth of the neonates had developed
acute kidney injury; the results were higher when compared to the Addis Ababa-conducted study,
and neonatal comorbidities with perinatal asphyxia, neonatal comorbidities with sepsis, being low
birth weight and having a long hospital stay were found to be statistically significant variables.
Better to give special care and priority to neonates with LBW, sepsis, PNA, and a prolonged
hospital stay.
Keywords: Acute kidney injury, associated factors, Neonate, NICU, Prevalence