Magnitude and associated factors of anxiety and depression among acne vulgaris patients visited University of Gondar Specialized Hospital Dermatology Outpatient Department, Central Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Abstract

Abstract Back ground: Acne vulgaris is a common chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous unit mostly affects adolescents. All types of acne lesions have the potential to resolve with sequelae. The sequelae of acne vulgaris can be lifelong, with scar formation and psychological impairment, particularly in young people. Acne has increased likelihood of social isolation, anxiety disorders, depression, and even suicidal ideation. Objectives: To assess magnitude and associated factors of anxiety and depression among acne vulgaris patients visited University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Dermatology OPD, Central Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia,2021. Methods: Institutional Based cross-sectional study conducted among acne vulgaris patients. All acne patients attending dermatologic outpatient department at University of Gondar Specialized Hospital was the study population. A total of 422 acne vulgaris patients was selected systematically among outpatient department visitors. Anxiety and depression collected by GAD- 7 and PHQ-9 scales respectively to assess patient’s status. Frequency distribution, percentages computed to summarize the results. Binary logistic regression analysis fitted to identify factors associated with anxiety and depression among acne patients. Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% CI calculated and P-value less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Result: This study revealed that the prevalence of anxiety was 23.2%(95%CI:18.9-27.3) depression, was 24.9% (95%CI:20.8-29.2) and suicidal ideation was 13.5%(95%CI:10.4-17.1). Female participants (AOR =2.07 with 95%CI (1.26-3.38), and unmarried individuals (AOR=1.53 with 95%CI (0.96-2.46), Whereas, Female participants (AOR=1.75 with 95%CI (1.09-2.82), and individuals who have acne scarring (AOR=1.69 with 95%CI (1.03-2.78), were significantly associated with anxiety. Conclusion: Depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation common in acne vulgaris patients. Female patients, and unmarried individuals have higher level of depression, while female patients, and individuals with acne scarring have higher level of anxiety. Key words: Acne vulgaris, Anxiety, depression, Suicidal ideation