Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its associated factors among type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in Adama Hospital Medical College, South Eastern Ethiopia.

Abstract

Abstract Back ground: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the condition of fat accumulation in the liver not because of excess alcohol intake and any disease causing etiology. The disease occurrence increased among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients due to a strong epidemiological and pathophysiological link. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Adama Hospital Medical College, South Eastern Ethiopia, 2022. Method: Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted using systematic random sampling technique from March � June 2022. Sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical data was assessed using structured questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements measured using stadiometer and weight scale and fatty liver checked using ultrasonography. About 5ml blood sample was collected for testing liver enzymes, fasting blood sugar, and lipid profile using Cobas C 311 analyzer. Data was entered using Epi Data version 3.1 and analyzed using Stata version 14. The binary logistic regression model was used to explore the association of variables. Finally, pvalue <0.05 was used for statistical significance. Normally and non-normally distributed variables were taken to independent T-test and Mann Whitney U test for mean and median comparison respectively. P-value <0.05 was used for statistical significance. Diagnostic value of liver function tests was determined using receiver operative characteristics curve ultrasonography as a reference. Results: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was 85.57% (95% CI: 79.8- 89.8). Females 6.62 (95% CI: 2.15-20.3), patients age > 47.63, 4.98 (95% CI: 1.39-17.8), and diabetic duration 1.31 (95% CI: 1.1-1.56) were significantly associated. The mean and median level of TC and ALT, FBS and TG were increased in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease positive patients respectively, whereas median level of DB was decreased. The area under the curve results of TP, TB, and AST showed no diagnostic value, whereas ALT and DB showed poor performance.