Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Factors among Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Na飗e and Experienced HIV Infected Individuals at the University of Gondar Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Chronic kidney disease has emerged as one of the primary co-morbid conditions affecting human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals even after highlyactive antiretroviral therapy. Objectives: To assess chronic kidney disease and associated factors among highly active antiretroviral therapy na飗e and experienced HIV infected individuals at the University of Gondar Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Method: A Hospital based comparative cross-sectional study was carried out at the University of Gondar Hospital from March to May, 2017. Double population proportion formula and convenient sampling technique were used to select 250 study participants. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected by using pretested semi-structured questionnaire. The collected data were entered into Epi-Info version 3.5.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: From a total of 250 study participants, 125 were highly active antiretroviral therapy na飗e and 125 were experienced. Of the total, 67.2% were females. The mean (盨D) age of the HAART na飗e and experience individuals were 35.0(�5) and 45.0(�9) years, respectively. The overall prevalence of CKD among HIV infected study participants was 13.2%. The prevalence of CKD in HAART na飗e and HAART experienced individuals was 15.2% and 11.2%, respectively. Age ? 50 years and CD4 count <200cells/mm3 were statistically significant among HAART na飗e participants. TDF regimen and CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 were statistically significant among HAART experienced participants. Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of CKD was higher among HAART na飗e than HAART experienced HIV infected individuals. CKD was associated with higher age, low CD4 count and TDF regimen users. A renal function assessment should be done before and during HAART to reduce renal dysfunction.