Assessment of Serum Electrolytes and Blood Urea Nitrogen Changes in Contemporary Hemodialysis among End-Stage Renal Disease Patients in University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Dyselectrolytemia and inadequate removal of urea commonly occur in patients undergoing dialysis and increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Correction of electrolyte imbalances and adequate hemodialysis minimizes diseases complications and hospitalization. Despite the problem, there is a paucity of data regarding the assessment of serum electrolytes and blood urea nitrogen changes among end-stage renal diseases patients in contemporary hemodialysis in Ethiopia. Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess serum electrolyte and blood urea nitrogen changes in contemporary hemodialysis among end-stage renal disease patients at Gondar University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahar dar, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional-based comparative cross-sectional study design was employed. Seventytwo end-stage renal disease patients under maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled. The Sciodemographic data was collected directly from the patients. Weight and blood pressure were measured by nurses before- and after dialysis. Analyses of serum electrolytes and blood urea nitrogen before and after hemodialysis were determined using ion-selective electrode and spectrophotometry. The data were entered to Epi-data v.4.6 and exported to SPSS v.26 for analysis. Result: The mean age of the participants was 44.19�.25 years. The mean duration of hemodialysis was 1.71�65 years and 52 (72.2%) of patients receive dialysis twice per week. Compared with immediate post- dialysis concentration, decrease was noted for potassium (1.74 � 1.11 mmol/L), magnesium (1.05 � 0.85 mg/dL), phosphorus (1.90 � 0.63 mg/dL), and blood urea nitrogen (95.54 � 33.04 mg/dL). In this study 43 (59. 7%) of end-stage renal diseases patients received adequate hemodialysis. Conclusion: The study found a significant decrease in serum potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and blood urea nitrogen following dialysis. Although, serum calcium, chlorine, and sodium were not significantly affected there exists an increase in post-dialysis measures. The current study revealed a modest adequate hemodialysis session among chronic renal failure patients on MHD.