Abstract:
Background: Morbidity and mortality related to acute poisoning is a major public health issue in both developing and
developed countries. Community pharmacists have a crucial role in ensuring drug availability, increasing drug safety, counseling
patients, overdose risk reduction and management, and provision of appropriate drug information. This study aimed to assess
the availability of necessary antidotes in community pharmacies in Gondar and Bahir-Dar cities, Ethiopia, and the role of
community pharmacists in the management of acute poisoning.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Gondar and Bahir-Dar cities. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used for data collection and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 was used for data analysis.
Chi-square analysis was computed to identify the associated factors with a confidence interval of 95% and a P value less than .05
was used as a cut-point for statistical significance.
Results: Out of 101 community pharmacies invited to participate in the study, 80 of them completed the survey with a response rate
of 79.2%. The overall mean antidote availability score was .59 (SD = .837), which falls within the definition of Poor availability. None of
the pharmacies had kept all of the antidotes, and the maximum number of an antidote kept by a single pharmacy was 7 out of nineteen
essential antidotes surveyed. The most commonly reported reason for the unavailability of essential antidotes was stock was not
ordered (56.3%) followed by stock ordered but not delivered from suppliers (wholesalers) (20.0%). More than 3 fourth of the
respondents (83.8%) had poor knowledge about the antidotes for the common poisonings.
Conclusion: There was a significantly very low availability of essential antidotes in the community pharmacies. Strategies
should be implemented to improve pharmacist’s knowledge about antidotes, and management of poisoning emergencies
through on-job training and provision of reference materials
