The role of platelet parameters for the diagnosis of preeclampsia among pregnant women attending at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital antenatal care unit, Gondar, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related illness characterized by high blood pressure (BP) and proteinuria after the 20th gestational week (GW). Platelet (PLT) parameter changes are the common hematological abnormalities observed in PE patients. The main aim of this study was to assess the role of PLT parameters for PE diagnosis among pregnant women. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Specialized Hospital. A total of 126 pregnant women (63 normotensive [NT] and 63 PE) were recruited using a convenient sampling method. Three milliliter blood was collected from each participant, and PLT parameters were determined using Sysmex XS-500i analyzer. An independent t-test supplemented with receiveroperating characteristics (ROC) were used for comparisons and diagnostic value of PLT parameters between the study groups. Results: Platelet count (PC) was significantly lower in the PE group compared to that in the NT group, whereas mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were significantly higher in PE. MPV had the largest area under the curve (AUC) [0.91: 95% CI; 0.85–0.96] followed by PC [0.79: 95% CI; 0.72–0.87]. MPV can differentiate PE patients from NT pregnant women at cut-off value ≥12.10 fl (84.1% sensitivity and 87.3% specificity) while PC can indicate PE at a cut-off value ≤176.5 × 109/L (65.1% sensitivity and 87.3% specificity). Conclusion: A decreased PC and an increased MPV, P-LCR, and PDW can be used as a simple, cost-effective, quick, and reliable method of PE screening. Of them, MPV is the best indicator of PE. K E Y W O R D S platelet parameter, preeclampsia, pregnancy