Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by elevated levels of blood
glucose. Despite the fact that most international association/organization gave attention toward
diabetes control and prevention by healthy professional, still diabetes and its complication such as
cardio vascular, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves become a major cause of premature death
and disability across the world. The overall aim of this study is assessing fasting blood sugar
variation over time and its determinant among diabetic patients. Data were obtained from Adama
Hospital Medical College diabetic patients who have been active in the follow-up treatment from
September 1, 2018 to August 30, 2019. The data consists of basic demographic and clinical
characteristics of 312 of DM patients who were selected using simple random sampling techniques
and of whom 177 (56.7%) were males and the rest 135(43.3%) were females. From sub-model of
linear mixed model, random intercept and slope model was selected as a best model to fit the data
based on model selection criteria. The appropriate variance covariance structure was unstructured
covariance structure selected for this study. This study results showed that Age, Educational status,
Dietary type, Drug type, History of hypertension, BMI, DBP, Time, interaction of history of
hypertension, Dietary type, other comorbidity at baseline with time were found to be significant
determinant for the change in mean FBS level of the diabetes patients over time. The mean fasting
blood sugar level showed linear decrement over treatment time. Based on the findings of our study,
maintaining of healthy body weight, by taking healthy diet along with lower blood glucose level
is essential to control blood sugar in body and to prevent long-term complication
