PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND DETERMINATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES FROM THE LEAVE AND ROOT EXTRACT OF ARTEMISIA ABYSSINICA

Abstract

Medicinal plants have played a significant role in the treatment of infection disease. A wide range of medicinal plants extracts are used to treat several infections as they have potential antibacterial activity. Aromatic and medicinal plants are important sources of secondary metabolites, which have a wide range of applications in control of plant and human diseases. This study aimed to evaluate qualitative phytochemical constituents and determine the antibacterial activity of leaves and root methanol crude extracts of Artemisia abyssinica against gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial strains using the agar diffusion technique and to isolate pure compound from Artemisia abyssinica. Phytochemical analyses on the leaves and root methanol crude extract of Artemisia abyssinica were show the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoid and tannins. The methanol crude extract of Artemisia abyssinica leaves appear to be rich in secondary metabolites alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, Saponins, phenol and terpenoid are present as compared to the methanol extract of the root. The root of Artemisia abyssinica had Alkaloid flavonoid and tannin. The antibacterial activities of the extracts were investigated against one gram positive bacteria and three gram negative bacterias. The antibacterial activity was tested using Muller Hinton Agar medium by disc diffusion method. After incubation, zone of inhibition was measured in mm. Methanol root and leaf crude extracts of Artemisia abyssinica showed a good antibacterial activity result against a gram positive bacteria Staphyloccus aureous and a gram negative bacteria staphyloccus thyphi, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. . Generally, it was found out that the methanol leaves crude extract had more phytochemical continties and antibacterial activites than the methanol root crude extract