Abstract:
Despite its importance, ecosystem services (ESs) became decline through time with the change ofcorresponding land use that can produce high services.Land use land cover change due to highdeforestation is common problem in the study area. This study was conducted to provideinformation on thecontribution of ecosystem services and the effect of land use land coverchange (LULCC)on ecosystem service values.Cloud free TM, ETM and OLI Landsat imageswere extracted and classified into different LULC for (1985, 2001, and 2021), and each LULCarea/ha was calculated using Google Earth Engine (GEE).Producer accuracy, user accuracy,overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient were calculated to find the strength of agreement duringclassification.Six land use class such as;natural forest, cultivated land, settlement, grass land,coffee plantation and shrub land were identified.Fromthusland use types, natural forest, shrubland, and grassland were the dominant land covers class for 1985, but they became decline in2021. On contrary, coffee plantations, cereal crops and settlements were increased.A total ofaUSD$28.92 million net loss of Ecosystem Service Values (ESVs)was recorded from 1985 to2021. The higher overall loss of ESVs was recorded fromnatural forest (129%),andshrub land(79%).However, ESVs of coffee plantations and cultivated land showed clear increments.Theloss ofESVswas also found to be directly related to the corresponding land-use change.Coffeeplantation is seen as a dynamic ecologically suitable system that permits diversify of species andis economically feasible to sustain the livelihoods of the community.Thus, integrating the widelyemployed cereal productions with agro-forestry productions would to improve the LCs and ESs.Furtherstudies should also be conducted on exceptional characteristics and the economic valueof coffee plantations as separate land use
